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    Effects of Plyometric Training on Explosive and EnDuránce Performance at Sea Level and a High Altitude

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    Date
    2018
    Author

    Cristobal Andrade, David [Univ Mayor, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Invest Fisiol Ejercicio, Santiago, Chile]

    Rosa Beltrán, Ana

    Labarca-Valenzuela, Cristián

    Manzo-Botarelli, Oscar

    Trujillo, Erwin

    Otero-Farias, Patricio

    Alvarez, Cristián

    García-Hermoso, Antonio

    Toledo, Camilo

    Del Rio, Rodrigo

    Silva-Urra, Juan

    Ramírez-Campillo, Rodrigo

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    Abstract
    Plyometric training performed at sea level enhance explosive and enDuránce performance at sea level. However, its effects on explosive and enDuránce performance at high altitude had not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of a sea level short-term (i.e., 4-week) plyometric training program on explosive and enDuránce performance at sea level and at high altitude (i.e., 3,270 m above sea level). Participants were randomly assigned to a control group (n = 12) and a plyometric training group (n = 11). Neuromuscular (reactive strength index - RSI) and enDuránce (2-km time-trial; running economy [RE]; maximal oxygen uptake - VO(2)max) measurements were performed at sea level before, at sea level after intervention (SL +4 week), and at high altitude 24-h post SL + 4 week. The ANOVA revealed that at SL + 4 week the VO(2)max was not significantly changed in any group, although RE, RSI and 2-km time trial were significantly (p < 0.05) improved in the plyometric training group. After training, when both groups were exposed to high altitude, participants from the plyometric training group showed a greater RSI (p < 0.05) and were able to maintain their 2-km time trial (11.3 +/- 0.5 min vs. 10.7 +/- 0.6 min) compared to their pre-training sea level performance. In contrast, the control group showed no improvement in RSI, with a worse 2-km time trial performance (10.3 +/- 0.8 min vs. 9.02 +/- 0.64 min; p < 0.05; ES = 0.13). Moreover, after training, both at sea level and at high altitude the plyometric training group demonstrated a greater (p < 0.05) RSI and 2-km time trial performance compared to the control group. The oxygen saturation was significantly decreased after acute exposure to high altitude in the two groups (p < 0.05). These results confirm the beneficial effects of sea level short-term plyometric training on explosive and enDuránce performance at sea level. Moreover, current results indicates that plyometric training may also be of value for enDuránce athletes performing after an acute exposure to high altitude.
    URI
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.01415
    http://repositorio.umayor.cl/xmlui/handle/sibum/6270
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    Modificado por: Sistema de Bibliotecas Universidad Mayor - SIBUM
    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2018  DuraSpace