Hypoxic Respiratory Chemoreflex Control in Young Trained Swimmers
Date
2021-03-29Author
Arce-Alvarez, Alexis
Vazquez-Munoz, Manuel
Alvares, Cristian
Izquierdo, Mikel
Millet, Gregoire P.
Del Rio, Rodrigo
Veliz, Carlos [Univ Mayor, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Invest Fisiol Ejercicio, Chile]
von Igel, Magdalena [Univ Mayor, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Invest Fisiol Ejercicio, Chile]
Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo [Univ Mayor, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Invest Fisiol Ejercicio, Chile]
Andrade, David C. [Univ Mayor, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Invest Fisiol Ejercicio, Chile]
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Abstract
During an apnea, changes in PaO2 activate peripheral chemoreceptors to increase respiratory drive. Athletes with continuous apnea, such as breath-hold divers, have shown a decrease in hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR), which could explain the long apnea times; however, this has not been studied in swimmers. We hypothesize that the long periods of voluntary apnea in swimmers is related to a decreased HVR. Therefore, we sought to determine the HVR and cardiovascular adjustments during a maximum voluntary apnea in young-trained swimmers. In fifteen trained swimmers and twenty-seven controls we studied minute ventilation (V-E), arterial saturation (SpO(2)), heart rate (HR), and autonomic response [through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis], during acute chemoreflex activation (five inhalations of pure N-2) and maximum voluntary apnea test. In apnea tests, the maximum voluntary apnea time and the end-apnea HR were higher in swimmers than in controls (p < 0.05), as well as a higher low frequency component of HRV (p < 0.05), than controls. Swimmers showed lower HVR than controls (p < 0.01) without differences in cardiac hypoxic response (CHR). We conclude that swimmers had a reduced HVR response and greater maximal voluntary apnea duration, probably due to decreased HVR.
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https://repositorio.umayor.cl/xmlui/handle/sibum/9065https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7953139/pdf/fphys-12-632603.pdf
https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffphys.2021.632603
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.632603/full
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